Psycholinguistics



Psycholinguistics is the study of the psychological aspects of language. It provides a linguistically and psychologically theory of language and its acquisition. This field describes how we acquire, understand and produce language.
The theory of psycholinguistics develops from time to time. There are four major periods of psycholinguistics: the formative period, the linguistic period, the cognitive period, and cognitive science period. It explains the interaction of linguistics structure and language processing.
Formative period in which structuralism was the prevailing paradigm in linguistics and defined units like the phoneme and the morpheme in terms of operational procedures. Behaviorist was predominant in psychology. The linguistic period is characterized by the rise of transformational grammar in linguistics, followed by its theoretical domination of psycholinguistics research. The cognitive period where psychologists viewed language upon human cognition, language is one of several outcomes of more fundamental cognitive processes. The last and the most current period in psycholinguistics is one match by the development of science as an interdisciplinary activity. Psycholinguistics is now involved in a larger inquiry, that is the nature of knowledge, the structure of mental representations, and how these are used in mental processes like reasoning and decision –making.
Now psycholinguistics studies about structure of language, the way people acquire language features, the way they understand and comprehend, save and produce language.

How language influences our soul or our mental, and how our soul or our mental influences our language, is the main point of psycholinguistics. Psycholinguistics concerns on language understanding and language production. Language understanding deal with first and second language acquisition and learning, and language production concern on theory of both spoken and written- what we do when we produce language.
            The study of language does not only study a single component of language, but also study the behavior and mental process. Behavior is everything we do that can be directly observed and mental process refers to thought, feelings, and motives but cannot be observed directly.
            Language has a certain structure which is related to linguistics. Linguistics is a systematic and systemic study of language (human speech) covering the nature, structure, and modification of language.
People are able to acquire and then produce language. People acquire form and meaning, meaning and action, sound and meaning. There a number views about how language acquired and produced. Skinner stated that Language behavior is the production of correct responses to stimuli through reinforcement. Language learning is the result of 1) imitation (word-for-word repetition), 2) practice (repetitive manipulation of form), 3) feedback on success (positive reinforcement), and 4) habit formation.The quality and quantity of the language that the child hears, as well as the consistency of the reinforcement offered by others in the environment, would shape the child’s language behavior. Chomsky argued people are born with a specific innate ability which enable them to acquire language and produce language. 

Comments

  1. bredmartDecember 19, 2012 at 11:06 PM

    hy imelda,,, cara dapat gadgetnya, klik saja tulisan "get a c-box" diatas kata name, dalam kotak

    ReplyDelete

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